Due to the improved management of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), children with Perinatally-acquired HIV (PHIV) infection have been surviving into adolescence and adulthood. This generation of children and adolescents must deal with a number of different psychosocial, behavioral, and medical issues. Our aim is to discuss these issues that affect PHIV youth in the United States in greater detail. First, we will discuss the social and behavioral aspects of perinatal HIV infection, including effects on mental health, the potential for substance abuse, and the challenges involved in transitioning from the pediatric to the adult healthcare system. Next, we will delve into the reproductive choices, contraceptive practices, parenting intentions, and tendencies to disclose HIV status to potential partners. Lastly, we will describe obstetrical outcomes of these PHIV-infected adolescents and young adults. Throughout the article, we will highlight issues that are important for physicians caring for these patients, as well as areas where further studies are needed.

We examined health services needs from the perspective of Newly diagnosed HIV-positive MSM (NHIVMSM) in Southern China. Forty one NHIVMSM took part in in-depth interviews. In addition, 20 health care providers and 16 volunteers were also interviewed in focus groups or individual face-to-face interviews. Participant observations in local healthcare settings, MSM venues and NGO offices were also conducted. Six thematic groupings of unmet health and social service needs were identified, such as information and guidance, improvement in quality of services, quality of and access to medication, enhancement of social support, social welfare and psychological and mental health. Implications for professional training in counseling, flexible free ART distribution, closer cooperation between formal and informal health care services, and establishment of community-based AIDS service organizations are discussed.

Among those who are HIV-infected and striving to live well with HIV, African American women have poorer health outcomes and represent a higher portion of those women who die from HIV-related causes. These health inequalities have been associated with the presence of social determinants of health such as stigma.This analytical review asserts that stigmas precipitated by gender, race, and class in the context of HIV-related stigma constitute substantial barriers to active engagement in HIV self-management, care, and treatment for HIV-infected African American women. The utility of the intersectionality framework for analyzing how these various stigmas interact to create unique determents to effective treatment and active self-management of HIV among African American women and for serving as a foundation for intervention development is presented.

We examined health services needs from the perspective of Newly diagnosed HIV-positive MSM (NHIVMSM) in Southern China. Forty one NHIVMSM took part in in-depth interviews. In addition, 20 health care providers and 16 volunteers were also interviewed in focus groups or individual face-to-face interviews. Participant observations in local healthcare settings, MSM venues and NGO offices were also conducted. Six thematic groupings of unmet health and social service needs were identified, such as information and guidance, improvement in quality of services, quality of and access to medication, enhancement of social support, social welfare and psychological and mental health. Implications for professional training in counseling, flexible free ART distribution, closer cooperation between formal and informal health care services, and establishment of community-based AIDS service organizations are discussed.

Due to the improved management of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), children with Perinatally-acquired HIV (PHIV) infection have been surviving into adolescence and adulthood. This generation of children and adolescents must deal with a number of different psychosocial, behavioral, and medical issues. Our aim is to discuss these issues that affect PHIV youth in the United States in greater detail. First, we will discuss the social and behavioral aspects of perinatal HIV infection, including effects on mental health, the potential for substance abuse, and the challenges involved in transitioning from the pediatric to the adult healthcare system. Next, we will delve into the reproductive choices, contraceptive practices, parenting intentions, and tendencies to disclose HIV status to potential partners. Lastly, we will describe obstetrical outcomes of these PHIV-infected adolescents and young adults. Throughout the article, we will highlight issues that are important for physicians caring for these patients, as well as areas where further studies are needed.

Among those who are HIV-infected and striving to live well with HIV, African American women have poorer health outcomes and represent a higher portion of those women who die from HIV-related causes. These health inequalities have been associated with the presence of social determinants of health such as stigma.This analytical review asserts that stigmas precipitated by gender, race, and class in the context of HIV-related stigma constitute substantial barriers to active engagement in HIV self-management, care, and treatment for HIV-infected African American women. The utility of the intersectionality framework for analyzing how these various stigmas interact to create unique determents to effective treatment and active self-management of HIV among African American women and for serving as a foundation for intervention development is presented.